I-Hydrocyclones iphakathi kwezingcezu ezilula zemishini yokucubungula amaminerali, ngokuvamile zisebenza ngaphandle kokudinga ukulungiswa noma ukunakwa yinoma ubani osebenzayo.Izivunguvungu zihlala zingamathuluzi okuhlukanisa aphumelela kakhulu naphezu kwezinqubo zazo eziyinkimbinkimbi zoketshezi kanye nokucushwa kwesakhiwo okuthinta ukusebenza ngokuhlukana.. Lesi sihloko sizonikeza ukubuka konke komsebenzi wabo kanye nezinyathelo zokuxazulula inkinga ezingaba khona uma zingasebenzi ngendlela edizayinwe ngayo.
Bahlukanisa izinhlayiya ezinobunzima
Hydrocyclones’ inhloso eyinhloko ukuhlukaniswa kwamaholoholo ezinhlayiyeni ezinhle. Amandla e-Centrifugal asetshenziswa esakhiweni sawo sangaphakathi aqinisekisa lokhu kuhlukaniswa; izinhlayiya ezisindayo zivame ukuya phansi ekugelezeni kwayo okuzungezayo kuyilapho ezicolekile ziqhubekela phambili ngasemaphethelweni awo, ezinezinhlayiya ezimahhadla ekugcineni ziphumela kumugqa we-spigot ongezansi noma i-apex kuyilapho ezicolekile zisondela ekuchichimeni futhi ziye egumbini elichichimayo eliphezulu.
Izici zokunyakaza ngaphakathi kwe-hydrocyclone zinquma umphumela wayo wokuhlukanisa, futhi abacwaningi baye bahlola lesi sici ukuze bandise. Abacwaningi, eholwa nguZhang, yenze izivivinyo ezibanzi ukuqonda ukuziphatha kokunyakaza kwezinhlayiyana ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokuhlukana kwalesi sishingishane. U-Zhang uthole ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zokudla ezigxile kakhulu, izinhlayiya ezinhle nezimaphakathi ezinokuminyana okuncane zingangena kalula ekuchichimeni kuyilapho izinhlayiya ezinobukhulu obukhulu nezingamahololo zingangena ngokugeleza kwangaphakathi okuzungezayo futhi zikhishwe endaweni yazo njengokuchichima..
Ingqikithi yomoya yakha phakathi nendawo yesishingishane lapho uketshezi lwethulwa ngokuhlanganyela egumbini lalo eliyisilinda., ukukhiqiza i-vortex enamandla ezungezayo. Isivunguvungu sine-axial engezansi ephumayo enokufinyelela okunomkhawulo okuvimbela konke ngaphandle kwengxenye yoketshezi lwaso ukuthi lungaphumi.. Uma esengaphakathi, ukugeleza kwayo ngokuphikisana nokuya ngasekuphumeni kwayo okuphezulu kubangela umgogodla womoya emnyombweni.
Osayizi besigaba se-Hydrocyclones secondary-cylindrical banethonya elibalulekile esifundeni sokugeleza kokujikeleza kwezinhlayiyana nokusebenza kokuhlukana., ngamavelu aphelele ehla ngendlela eyodwa njengoba ububanzi balesi sigaba bukhula. Ngenxa yezinhlayiya ezimaholoholo ezijikelezayo phakathi kokugeleza okuphenduphendukayo kwesiphepho, ukungahambi kahle kwalezi zinhlayiya kwenzeka, okuholela ekuhlakazweni kwawo endaweni enkulu. Ukuhlanganisa izinhlayiya eziningi ezimahhadla kunciphisa ukusebenza ngokuhlukana futhi kuvimbela ukwakheka kwephethini esebenzayo eyindilinga ngaphakathi kwesishingishane., futhi ikhinyabeza amandla ayo okuhlukana. Ukusebenza ngokuhlukanisa okuzuziwe kuyagculisa; nokho, amanani aphelele awahlangabezani nokulindelwe ngenxa yokumelana nokujikeleza kanye ne-viscosity yoketshezi lwesivunguvungu okuthonya ukusatshalaliswa kwesivinini sezinhlayiyana kanye nomzila wokunyakaza.
Bahlukanisa izinhlayiya ezinhle
Ama-Hydrocyclone asebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal kanye nokugeleza koketshezi okuhlukile ukuze ahlukanise kahle inhlawulo ezinhlayiyeni ezimahhadla.. Amandla e-Centrifugal adalwa ngokuqondisa uketshezi olungena ngaphakathi lubheke odongeni lwesilinda, ukudala ukunyakaza okuyisiyingi ngaphakathi koketshezi lwayo okubangela ukuthi izinhlayiya ezisindayo ziphumele ngaphandle futhi zihlangane ngaphambi kokuba ezilula zijike odongeni lwayo ziphumele ngaphandle kokuvuleka okuchichimayo okuphezulu kwe-hydrocyclone..
Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa kwe-Hydrocyclone kuncike kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwayo kwesakhiwo, kufaka phakathi ubukhulu besitholi sayo se-vortex, ukuchichima nokuvuleka okungaphansi kanye nosayizi wesiphepho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadayimitha amakhulu ngokuvamile akhiqiza ukusebenza okungcono kokuhlukanisa.
I-Hydrocyclones ivame ukusetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwamaminerali, njengokukhiqiza isihlabathi sikakhonkolo se-C-33, ukuze ulawule ukuthi yimuphi usayizi wempahla ophuma kusekethe yokuqalisa. Izinhlobo ze-ore ezihlukene zinosayizi abahlukene wokukhulula okumele uqashwe ngeso elibukhali ukuze kwakhiwe umkhiqizo ongenzeka ngokwezomnotho..
Ukwehla kwengcindezi, inani lamandla elidingekayo ukuze izinhlayiya zihambe phakathi kwe-hydrocyclone, iyingxenye ebalulekile yokulawula kwayo. Ukushintsha ingcindezi yokungena kwayo kungashintsha kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukana – isibonelo, uma ingcindezi isethwe ngaphansi kunethagethi izinhlawulo eziningi zizobika ekugelezeni okuncane okuholela ezindaweni ezisikiwe kakhulu; ngokuphambene, uma ingcindezi idlula okuhlosiwe izinhlawulo eziningi zizobika ekuchichimeni okuholela emazingeni ancishisiwe e-d50 kanye nokuhlukaniswa okuhle.
Ukuminyana kwezinto eziphakelayo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuhlukaneni kweHydrocyclone. Ukuminyana okuphezulu kungabangela ukusikeka okuqinile kuyilapho ukuminyana okuphansi kukhiqiza ukusikeka okuhle; ukuze ukhethe isixazululo sokuphakelayo sokuminyana okuhle kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu aqonde inhloso yesicelo sakhe futhi akhethe ukuminyana kokuphakelayo ngokwalokhu..
Ukulungisa ububanzi be-spigot kuvumela ukulungiswa kwezinhlawulo ze-bypass ezithunyelwa ngokuqondile ekuchichimeni, ukwandisa noma ukwehlisa ukugeleza kwazo ngqo ngakuyo kanye nokunciphisa okubuyela emuva ku-cyclone ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokucutshungulwa.
Bahlukanisa Uketshezi
Ama-Hydrocyclone ahlukanisa uketshezi nezinhlayiya ezinhle ngokwenza isenzo esizungezayo esijikijela izinto ezisindayo odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesilinda kuyilapho okukhanyayo kuya ngaphandle naphansi.. Le ndlela yokuhlukanisa isebenza kangcono uma okuqinile kunobubanzi obukhulu kuno 10 ama-microns futhi anesimo esiyindilinga; nokho, ukusebenza kahle kwazo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngezimo; Ngokwesibonelo, njengoba ukugcwala kodaka kukhuphuka kanjalo nokumelana namandla e-centrifugal avela ezinhlayiyeni ezikhulisa usayizi nenombolo yazo..
Uketshezi olungena ku-cyclone luvela epompo kufanele lunqobe ukumelana; lokhu kubangela ukwehla kwengcindezi kanye nokwanda kwe-radial pressure gradient, ekugcineni okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwezimo ze-sedimentation phakathi kwezinhlayiya noketshezi. Ngakho-ke, usebenzisa uketshezi oluncane lokumba i-viscosity kubalulekile – lokhu kuvumela izinhlayiya ezinosayizi abahlukene ukuthi zizinze ngamanani azo ngaphandle kokubambeka phakathi koketshezi nezinhlayiya.
Ukuminyana kokuphakelayo kungenye into ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe ekusebenzeni kwe-hydrocyclone. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namasayizi anqunyiwe, ukuminyana kokuphakelayo kufanele kuhambisane nosayizi wokusika okuqondiwe, okungafezwa ngokushintsha ukuminyana kokuphakelayo noma ngokushintsha ingcindezi endaweni yokungena – ukucindezela okuphansi kuthumela izinhlawulo eziningi ekuchichimeni, ukudala usayizi wokusika kakhudlwana; umfutho ophakeme uthumela izinhlawulo ku-underflow for ukusikeka okuhle.
Ama-Hydrocyclones asetshenziswa kabanzi ukulawula ukuthi imuphi usayizi wempahla ophuma kumasekethe okuhambisa amatshe aqinile kanye nezicelo zensimbi eyigugu.. Uma isetshenziswa kulezi zimo, Uketshezi olungena ngokushesha oluya ku-hydrocyclone lulingana nokugeleza kwezinhlayiyana zokukhanya okuphelele kanye nokugeleza kwezinhlayiyana ezinzima; izinhlayiya ezisindayo zizohamba ngokushesha kakhulu kunezokukhanya futhi ziqongelele ekuchichimeni okuphezulu kwe-hydrocyclone.
Izinto ezisindayo zingabe sezikhishwa ohlelweni. Noma iyiphi ingxube yoketshezi esele esivunguvungwini izobe isikhishwa ngokuphuma kwayo ngaphansi, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Apex, ngepayipi lokuthola i-vortex.
Bahlukanise Amafutha
I-Hydrocyclones isiphenduke isixazululo esisha enseleleni yokuhlukanisa izinhlayiya ezinamafutha ezintweni ezimahhadla.. Kuklanywe uhlobo olukhethekile lwemishini esebenzisa amandla e-shear ukuhlukanisa amaconsi kawoyela ku-liquid medium. Lobu buchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa ensimbi esebenza ukuze kuhlukaniswe izinto zokugcoba emanzini apholisayo noma emisebenzini yokumba ukuze kukhishwe isihlabathi nobumba odakeni..
I-Hydrocyclones ihluke kwezinye izinto zokucubungula amaminerali ngoba inezingxenye ezimbalwa ezihambayo futhi incike ku-geometry nokucindezela kwamanzi ukwenza izinqubo zokuhlukanisa.. Zenzelwe ukuba zibe izingcezu zemishini ezilula kodwa ezinokwethenjelwa ezivame ukusebenza iminyaka ngaphandle kokuningi ngokwezindleko zokuyilungisa – kodwa abasebenzisi abaningi abazi ukuthi bayixazulula kanjani i-hydrocyclone uma okuthile kungahambi njengoba bekulindelekile.
Enye yezinselelo ezibalulekile ezihambisana nama-hydrocyclone ukuqeqeshwa. Lapho izinto ezimahhadla zehlukaniswa nezinhlawulo, ezinye izinto ezisindayo zizothwalwa ekuchichimeni kuyilapho ezinye zihlala zibanjwa ngaphansi ngenxa yenkambu yokugeleza yangaphakathi eyinkimbinkimbi ye-hydrocyclone. Ukuxhuma ama-cyclone amaningi ndawonye kungasiza ukuxazulula le nkinga kodwa kudinga amaphampu engeziwe, amapayipi kanye nezindleko zokutshala izimali kanye.
Kanjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umuntu aqonde ukuthi i-hydrocyclone isebenza kanjani kanye nendlela yayo yokuhlukanisa isebenza. Ukuze inhlayiya iphume ngokuchichima kwayo futhi ikhishwe ekuchichimeni kwayo, kufanele bafudukele ezindaweni lapho amandla amaphakathi edlula amandla okudonsa – lezi zindawo ezintathu zingabonakala kumakhonsathi esivinini se-radial ngaphakathi kwe-hydrocyclone ngokwayo; okokuqala eduze kodonga lwayo oluseceleni lapho i-axial velocity inegethivu ngakho-ke uketshezi lugeleza luye phansi lubheke ngaphansi kokugeleza kwalo.
Indawo yesibili ilele phakathi nengxenye yekhonikhali, lapho i-axial velocity ivuma futhi uketshezi lukhuphukela phezulu lube ukuchichima. Lapha yilapho ukuhlukana okuningi kwenzeka khona. Ekugcineni, phezulu kwekhoni kukhona i-axial velocity engalungile ekhishiwe futhi imiphumela ye-shear isiza ukugxilisa izigaba ezinzima okufanele zikhishwe ngayo.